The Department of the Interior protects and provides access to our Nation's natural and cultural heritage and honors our trust responsibilities to tribes and our commitments to island communities. The Department of the Interior was created by act of March 3, 1849 (43 U. S. C. 1451), which transferred to it the General Land Office, the Office of Indian Affairs, the Pension Office, and the Patent Office. It was reorganized by Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1950, as amended (5 U. S. C. app. ). The Department manages the Nation's public lands and minerals, national parks, national wildlife refuges, and western water resources and upholds Federal trust responsibilities to Indian tribes and Alaskan natives. It is also responsible for migratory wildlife conservation; historic preservation; endangered species conservation; surface-mined lands protection and restoration; mapping geological, hydrological, and biological science for the Nation; and for financial and technical assistance for the insular areas.
Interior DepartmentThe Office of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue was established by act of July 1, 1862 (26 U. S. C. 7802). The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is responsible for administering and enforcing the internal revenue laws and related statutes, except those relating to alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives. Its mission is to collect the proper amount of tax revenue, at the least cost to the public, by efficiently applying the tax law with integrity and fairness.
Internal Revenue ServiceEstablished in 1889, the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) has responsibility for applying the boundary and water treaties between the United States and Mexico and settling differences that may arise in their application. The IBWC is an international body composed of the United States Section and the Mexican Section, each headed by an Engineer-Commissioner appointed by his/her respective president. Each Section is administered independently of the other. The United States Section of the International Boundary and Water Commission (USIBWC) is a federal government agency and is headquartered in El Paso, Texas. The IBWC operates under the foreign policy guidance of the Department of State. The mission of the IBWC is to apply the rights and obligations which the Governments of the United States and Mexico assume under the numerous boundary and water treaties and related agreements, and to do so in a way that benefits the social and economic welfare of the peoples on the two sides of the boundary and improves relations between the two countries.
International Boundary and Water Commission, United States and MexicoThe International Broadcasting Bureau (IBB) was created under the International Broadcasting Act (Public Law 103-236) on April 30, 1994. The IBB is a component of the Broadcasting Board of Governors, which provides program placement and transmission services for all the BBG broadcast organizations and manages a global network of transmitting sites and an extensive system of leased satellite and fiber optic circuits, along with a rapidly growing Internet delivery system. The IBB also shapes Voice of America's increasing use of the Internet, mobile devices, social media and other digital platforms. It provides research and manages the evaluation of broadcasts and crafting of editorials.
International Broadcasting BoardThe International Development Cooperation Agency (IDCA) was established by Executive Order in September, 1979. As an attempt to reorganize the foreign assistance management structure, the IDCA was envisioned by Senator Hubert Humphrey in 1978, to coordinate foreign assistance activities as they related to bilateral programs administered by USAID, multilateral programs of international lending institutions then under the purview of the Department of the Treasury, voluntary contributions to United Nations agencies then administered by the Department of State, food programs then administered by USAID, and the activities of OPIC. An International Development Institute would be established within IDCA to address, among other things, private and voluntary organizations and with one of the Institute's constituent parts being the Peace Corps. As established under Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1979, the only entity it actually coordinated was USAID and, since it was staffed with fewer than 75 people, could make only a marginal impact on overall bilateral and multilateral assistance policy. In the Reagan Administration, no staff were provided to IDCA and, functionally, it faded quickly from the scene. The Executive Order creating IDCA remained intact, however, defining some of the lines of authority in the administration of foreign assistance. Some of the other coordinating functions that had been expected to be exercised by IDCA (but not contained in the Executive Order) were initially exercised instead by USAID, but over time the functions fell into disuse. The IDCA was abolished by act of Oct. 2, 1998 (112 Stat. 2681-790) and its functions transferred to the Department of State, U. S. Agency for International Development, and overseas Private Investment Corporation. __________ Sources: U. S.government Manual, (2009/2010 ed. ), p. 612. https://www.usaid.gov/about_usaid/usaidhist. html
International Development Cooperation AgencyOn October 5, 2018, President Trump signed the Better Utilization of Investments Leading to Development (BUILD) Act into law--landmark legislation that reformed and strengthened U. S. development finance capabilities into a new federal agency to help address development challenges and foreign policy priorities of the United States. U. S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) is a modern, consolidated agency that brings together the capabilities of OPIC and USAID’s Development Credit Authority, while introducing new and innovative financial products to better bring private capital to the developing world. The U. S. will have more flexibility to support investments in developing countries to drive economic growth, create stability, and improve livelihoods. DFC makes America a stronger and more competitive leader on the global development stage with greater ability to partner with allies on transformative projects. Further, DFC provides the developing world with financially sound alternatives to unsustainable and irresponsible state-directed initiatives. DFC invests across sectors including energy, healthcare, critical infrastructure, and technology. DFC also provides financing for small businesses and women entrepreneurs in order to create jobs in emerging markets. DFC investments adhere to high standards and respect the environment, human rights, and worker rights. DFC's work takes a Triple Aim approach as our investments focus on impactful global development, advancing U. S. foreign policy, and generating returns for American taxpayers.
International Development Finance CorporationName changed Nov. 21, 2008 (73 FR 70716) to Office of Investment Security.
International Investment OfficeThe International Joint Commission is an independent binational organization established by the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909. The International Joint Commission prevents and resolves disputes between the United States of America and Canada under the 1909 Boundary Waters Treaty and pursues the common good of both countries as an independent and objective advisor to the two governments. In particular, the Commission rules upon applications for approval of projects affecting boundary or transboundary waters and may regulate the operation of these projects; it assists the two countries in the protection of the transboundary environment, including the implementation of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement and the improvement of transboundary air quality; and it alerts the governments to emerging issues along the boundary that may give rise to bilateral disputes.
International Joint Commission-United States and CanadaThe International Trade Administration (ITA) was established on January 2, 1980, by the Secretary of Commerce to promote world trade and to strengthen the international trade and investment position of the United States. ITA is responsible for nonagricultural trade operations of the U. S.government and supports the trade policy negotiation efforts of the U. S. Trade Representative. ITA strengthens the competitiveness of U. S. industry, promotes trade and investment, and ensures fair trade through the rigorous enforcement of our trade laws and agreements. ITA works to improve the global business environment and helps U. S. organizations compete at home and abroad.
International Trade AdministrationThe United States International Trade Commission is an independent agency created by the Revenue Act (39 Stat. 795) and originally named the United States Tariff Commission. The name was changed to the United States International Trade Commission by section 171 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U. S. C. 2231). Six Commissioners are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate for 9-year terms, unless appointed to fill an unexpired term. The Chairman and Vice Chairman are designated by the President for 2-year terms, and succeeding Chairmen may not be of the same political party. The Chairman generally is responsible for the administration of the Commission. Not more than three Commissioners may be members of the same political party (19 U. S. C. 1330). The United States International Trade Commission furnishes studies, reports, and recommendations involving international trade and tariffs to the President, the U. S. Trade Representative, and congressional committees. The Commission also conducts a variety of investigations pertaining to international trade relief.
International Trade CommissionThe ICC, the first regulatory commission in U. S. history, was established as a result of mounting public indignation in the 1880s against railroad malpractices and abuses. The ICC's jurisdiction was gradually extended beyond railroads to all common carriers except airplanes by 1940. Its enforcement powers to set rates were also progressively extended, through statute and broadened Supreme Court interpretations of the commerce clause of the Constitution, as were its investigative powers for determining fair rates of return on which to base rates. In addition, the ICC was given the task of consolidating railroad systems and managing labor disputes in interstate transport. In the 1950s and 60s the ICC enforced U. S. Supreme Court rulings that required the desegregation of passenger terminal facilities. The ICC's safety functions were transferred to the Department of Transportation in 1966. The ICC retained its rate-making and regulatory functions. However, in consonance with the deregulatory movement, the ICC's powers over rates and routes in rails and trucking were curtailed in 1980 by the Staggers Rail Act and Motor Carriers Act. Most ICC control over interstate trucking was abandoned in 1994, and the agency was terminated at the end of 1995. Many of its remaining functions were transferred to the new National Surface Transportation Board.
Interstate Commerce CommissionThe Investment Security office is responsible for the implementation of Treasury’s responsibilities as Chair of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States ("CFIUS"). CFIUS is an interagency committee that can review certain foreign investments in the United States in order to identify and address any effects on U. S. national security that may arise from the transactions. The CFIUS review process, which operates in the context of the United States’ longstanding open investment policy, focuses solely on national security concerns. The Investment Security office also leads Treasury’s open investment initiatives and dialogues with other countries, particularly as they relate to foreign investment review processes, to promote open investment policies and discourage foreign barriers to U. S. investment.
Investment Security OfficeThe Japan-United States Friendship Commission is an independent federal agency that provides support for training and information to help prepare Americans to better meet the challenges and opportunities in the US-Japan relationship. The Commission is the chief instrument of the US government for training and maintaining expertise on Japan throughout American academic and professional institutions. The Commission's goal is to strengthen the national interest in US dealings with Japan through this expertise. The Commission serves only to make grants to private institutions. It does not operate its own programs. It relies on the private, non-profit sector to organize and operate programs of training, research and exchange. The Commission operates its grant-making activities in four areas: Japanese studies in American higher education; Public Affairs/Education; the Study of the United States in Japanese higher education; and the Arts.
Japan-United States Friendship CommissionThe Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries was established by the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to section 3041 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U. S. C. 1241). According to the text of 29 U. S. C. 1242: "The Joint Board shall, by regulations, establish reasonable standards and qualifications for persons performing actuarial services with respect to plans in which this chapter applies and, upon application by any individual, shall enroll such individual if the Joint Board finds that such individual satisfies such standards and qualifications. "
Joint Board for Enrollment of ActuariesThe Conference of Senior Circuit Judges was created by Congress in 1922, to serve as the principal policy making body concerned with the administration of the U. S. Courts. In 1948, Congress enacted section 331 of title 28, United States Code, changing the name to the Judicial Conference of the United States. District judges were formally added to the Conference in 1957. As in 1922, the fundamental purpose of the Judicial Conference today is to make policy with regard to the administration of the U. S. courts. Section 331 of title 28 specifically provides that the Judicial Conference shall: (1) Make a comprehensive survey of the conditions of business in the courts of the United States; (2) Prepare plans for the assignment of judges to or from courts of appeals or district courts, where necessary; (3) Submit suggestions to the various courts in the interest of promoting uniformity of management procedures and the expeditious conduct of court business; (4) Exercise authority provided in chapter 16 of title 28 United States Codes for the review of circuit council conduct and disability orders filed under that chapter; and (5) Carry on a continuous study of the operation and effect of the general rules of practice and procedure in use within the federal courts, as prescribed by the Supreme Court pursuant to law. The Judicial Conference also supervises the Director of the Administrative Office of the U. S. Courts in the performance of his duties as the administrative officer of the courts of the United States under 28 U. S. C.
Judicial Conference of the United StatesThe U. S. Department of Justice serves as counsel for its citizens. It represents them in enforcing the law in the public interest. Through its thousands of lawyers, investigators, and agents, the Department plays the key role in protection against criminals and subversion, ensuring healthy business competition, safeguarding the consumer, and enforcing drug, immigration, and naturalization laws. The Department of Justice was established by act of June 22, 1870 (28 U. S. C. 501, 503, 509 note), with the Attorney General as its head. The affairs and activities of the Department of Justice are generally directed by the Attorney General.
Justice DepartmentThe Office of Justice Programs (OJP) provides innovative leadership to federal, state, local, and tribal justice systems, by disseminating state-of-the art knowledge and practices across America, and providing grants for the implementation of these crime fighting strategies. Because most of the responsibility for crime control and prevention falls to law enforcement officers in states, cities, and neighborhoods, the federal government can be effective in these areas only to the extent that it can enter into partnerships with these officers. Therefore, OJP does not directly carry out law enforcement and justice activities. Instead, OJP works in partnership with the justice community to identify the most pressing crime-related challenges confronting the justice system and to provide information, training, coordination, and innovative strategies and approaches for addressing these challenges.
Justice Programs OfficeThe Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) was founded in 1974 as a result of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act of 1974 (Pub. L. No. 93-415, 42 U. S. C. 5601 et seq. ) and is guided by subsequent amendments. OJJDP provides national leadership, coordination, and resources to prevent and respond to juvenile delinquency and victimization. OJJDP supports states and communities in their efforts to develop and implement effective and coordinated prevention and intervention programs and to improve the juvenile justice system so that it protects public safety, holds offenders accountable, and provides treatment and rehabilitative services tailored to the needs of juveniles and their families.
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention OfficeThe Department of Labor (DOL) was created by act of March 4, 1913 (29 U. S. C. 551). A Bureau of Labor was first created by Congress by act of June 24, 1884, in the Interior Department. The Bureau of Labor later became independent as a Department of Labor without executive rank by act of June 13, 1888. It again returned to bureau status in the Department of Commerce and Labor, which was created by act of February 14, 1903 (15 U. S. C. 1501; 29 U. S. C. 1 note). The Department of Labor fosters and promotes the welfare of the job seekers, wage earners, and retirees of the United States, by improving their working conditions, advancing their opportunities for profitable employment, protecting their retirement and health care benefits, helping employers find workers, strengthening free collective bargaining, and tracking changes in employment, prices, and other national economic measurements. In carrying out this mission, the Department administers a variety of Federal labor laws including those that guarantee workers' rights to safe and healthful working conditions; a minimum hourly wage and overtime pay; freedom from employment discrimination; unemployment insurance; and other income support.
Labor DepartmentThe Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) was originally established under the Department of the Interior as the Bureau of Labor under the Bureau of Labor Act (23 Stat. 60) of June 27, 1884. After several reorganizations and transfers, the agency was renamed the Bureau of Labor Statistics and transferred to the Department of Labor in 1913. The BLS is an independent national statistical agency that collects, processes, analyzes, and disseminates essential statistical data to the American public, the U. S. Congress, other Federal agencies, State and local governments, business, and labor. The BLS also serves as a statistical resource to the Department of Labor. BLS data must satisfy a number of criteria, including relevance to current social and economic issues, timeliness in reflecting today’s rapidly changing economic conditions, accuracy and consistently high statistical quality, and impartiality in both subject matter and presentation.
Labor Statistics Bureau
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